Is Planning 'Secular'? Rethinking Religion, Secularism, and Planning

Responding to the call for a deeper understanding of the religious phenomenon in planning - advanced, among others, by Leonie Sandercock and June Thomas in this journal - this paper argues that understanding religion in planning entails understanding religion's constitutive other: secularism. This position draws on the burgeoning field of secular studies as well as examples of entanglement of religion, secularism, and planning in the United States and France. It problematizes a long-held assumption that good planning is based upon the notion of 'religious indifference,' for the assumption is conceptually anachronistic and practically untenable. This paper offers a set of methodological considerations as to how planners can radically rethink this assumption while effectively attending to the religious subjectivities of their constituencies and actively working through the structures of the modern state. The paper concludes by exploring the implications of this analysis for planning practice against the backdrop of recent improvements fostered by the American Planning Association as well as the relevance of this analysis across international contexts.