Experimental approaches to the study of the mechanics of breathing during exercise

This review describes the methodology and analysis of respiratory mechanics as it pertains to dynamic exercise. Underlying physical principles governing respiratory mechanics and commonly used measuring instruments will be discussed. We explain the physiological basis behind respiration, along with the dynamics of pulmonary ventilation. This review will outline the theoretical framework behind several forms of analysis along with their specific pitfalls, advantages and assumptions. Particular attention will be given to the techniques used to estimate the mechanical work of breathing. Specifically, we detail the different styles of work of breathing analysis and their inherent limitations as well as common sources of error often encountered. Finally, recent technological advancements that contribute to the understanding of respiratory mechanics are explained. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.