Review of Current Empirical Approaches for Determination of the Weak Rock Mass Properties

Weak rock mass strength estimation is a long-lasting challenge associated with geotechnical engineering due to its complex nature and limited definition. Weak rock masses normally refer to low strength, highly fractured decomposed and tectonically disturbed rocks which have properties intermediate from brittle rocks to ductile soils. Since the behavior of weak rock mass has not been fully understood, it is a common practice to apply existing empirical approaches, which are developed for competent rock masses influenced by joints, to determine their mechanical properties. This paper reviewed the current empirical approaches, and detailed weak rock mass strength calculations based on rock matrix, joint layout, joint condition and external factors. The limitations associated with these methods are discussed, and suggestions are provided for the selection of suitable methods. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.