Reward contains separable psychological components of learning, incentive motivation and pleasure. Most computational models have focused only on the learning component of reward, but the motivational component is equally important in reward circuitry, and even more directly controls behavior. Modeling the motivational component requires recognition of additional control factors besides learning. Here I discuss how mesocorticolimbic mechanisms generate the motivation component of incentive salience. Incentive salience takes Pavlovian learning and memory as one input and as an equally important input takes neurobiological state factors (e.g. drug states, appetite states, satiety states) that can vary independently of learning. Neurobiological state changes can produce unlearned fluctuations or even reversals in the ability of a previously learned reward cue to trigger motivation. Such fluctuations in cue-triggered motivation can dramatically depart from all previously learned values about the associated reward outcome. Thus, one consequence of the difference between incentive salience and learning can be to decouple cue-triggered motivation of the moment from previously learned values of how good the associated reward has been in the past. Another consequence can be to produce irrationally strong motivation urges that are not justified by any memories of previous reward values (and without distorting associative predictions of future reward value). Such irrationally strong motivation may be especially problematic in addiction. To understand these phenomena, future models of mesocorticolimbic reward function should address the neurobiological state factors that participate to control generation of incentive salience.
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Aragona, Brandon J.
;
Day, Jeremy J.
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机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Day, Jeremy J.
;
Roitman, Mitchell F.
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机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Roitman, Mitchell F.
;
Cleaveland, Nathan A.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Cleaveland, Nathan A.
;
Wightman, R. Mark
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Univ N Carolina, Neurosci Ctr & Curriculum Neurobiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Wightman, R. Mark
;
Carelli, Regina M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Univ N Carolina, Neurosci Ctr & Curriculum Neurobiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
机构:
Univ Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USAUniv Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
Balleine, Bernard W.
;
O'Doherty, John P.
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机构:
Trinity Coll Dublin, Inst Neurosci, Dublin, Ireland
Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Psychol, Dublin, Ireland
CALTECH, HSS & Computat & Neural Syst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USAUniv Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
机构:
Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
Washington Univ, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO USA
Washington Univ, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO USAWashington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
Barch, Deanna M.
;
Dowd, Erin C.
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机构:
Washington Univ, Neurosci Program, St Louis, MO USAWashington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Aragona, Brandon J.
;
Day, Jeremy J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Day, Jeremy J.
;
Roitman, Mitchell F.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Roitman, Mitchell F.
;
Cleaveland, Nathan A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Cleaveland, Nathan A.
;
Wightman, R. Mark
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Univ N Carolina, Neurosci Ctr & Curriculum Neurobiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Wightman, R. Mark
;
Carelli, Regina M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
Univ N Carolina, Neurosci Ctr & Curriculum Neurobiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USAUniv N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
机构:
Univ Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USAUniv Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
Balleine, Bernard W.
;
O'Doherty, John P.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Trinity Coll Dublin, Inst Neurosci, Dublin, Ireland
Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Psychol, Dublin, Ireland
CALTECH, HSS & Computat & Neural Syst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USAUniv Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
机构:
Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
Washington Univ, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO USA
Washington Univ, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO USAWashington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
Barch, Deanna M.
;
Dowd, Erin C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Washington Univ, Neurosci Program, St Louis, MO USAWashington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA