Factors associated with gamblers: A population-based cross-sectional study of South Australian adults

Objective: To determine, using a random telephone survey, the prevalence of various gambling activities among South Australian adults, the prevalence of adult problem gamblers using the South Oaks Gambling Screen ( SOGS) instrument, and to examine the problem gamblers by demographic and health-related risk factors. Method: A random representative sample of South Australian adults selected from the Electronic White Pages. Overall, 6045 interviews were conducted (73.1% response rate) using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing ( CATI) technology. Results: Overall, 75.6% (95% CI: 74.5-76.7) of respondents had participated in at least one gambling activity during the last 12 months and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7-2.4) were identified to be problem gamblers. A wide range of factors was associated with problem gambling at a univariate level, when compared to frequent gamblers. The logistic regression analysis highlighted that problem gamblers were more likely to speak a language other than English, be employed part time and a smoker when compared to frequent gamblers. Problem gamblers were also more likely to have a mental health condition (according to the Kessler 10), have had suicidal thoughts and know of services for gambling problems. Conclusion: There is a wide range of characteristics associated with problem gambling in South Australia. All of these factors need addressing during policy development to assist problem gamblers.