Lifestyle, overweight and obesity in spanish workers: related variables

Objective: To assess lifestyle habits related to diet and physical activity in workers and their impact on cardiovascular, metabolic and hepatic risk in relation to socio-demographic and occupational variables. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study in active labor force between March 2020 and June 2021. Site: occupational health services of the Balearic Islands. Participants: 815 workers, aged 18-66 years, who attended regular health surveillance examinations in their companies. Interventions: Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was estimated using the PREDIMED questionnaire and physical activity with the reduced IPAQ questionnaire. Regicor/Score was used to calculate cardiovascular risk and the online calculator for metabolic syndrome. The risk of hepatic repercussion was assessed with the Fatty Liver Index (FLI). Results: There are greater adherence to MedDiet in women (56.89%) and greater physical activity in men (57.8%). Physical activity was related to improvement in all indicators of obesity and adiposity in men. In women only with body mass index and body fat (p < 0.0001). All sociodemographic variables showed a relationship with physical activity performed (p < 0.0001) but not with adherence to the MedDiet. Conclusion: MedDiet adherence is higher in women and physical activity in men with an impact on BMI, but not on CVR or metabolic syndrome. Body fat is the adiposity parameter most correlated with physical activity in both sexes. Social class I and II and non-manual work were related to higher physical activity.