Sustainability in higher education courses: Multiple learning outcomes

In this study a comprehensive approach to learning outcomes of sustainability in higher education is suggested, based on literature review, and data gathered from 13 undergraduate courses offered in a science and engineering university. All the courses integrated environmental topics. Data of self-reported students' outcomes were collected at the end of each course through open-ended questions, and were analyzed to identify learning outcomes that promote sustainability. We found that although most courses equipped the students with theoretical knowledge about the environment, they differed a lot in the overall number and the variety of reported learning outcomes. The suggested theoretical framework, and findings of this study can inform design of future courses and programs that aim to promote sustainability literate students. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.