Comparative study of the anti-diabetic effect of mucilage and seed extract of Abelmoschus esculentus against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rat model

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DtM) is a collection of recurrent metabolic abnormalities that are generally assessed by persistent hyperglycemia. This condition occurs when the insulin released from the pancreatic cells get destroyed and produce little or no insulin. In traditional Chinese medicine, Abelmoschus esculentus (AS) is used for the treatment for type 1 diabetes. This study aims to mitigate type 1 DtM caused by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: Diabetes was produced in each of the Wistar rats by administering a single shot administration of STZ intraperitoneally. The rats were split into five groups. Group1 and 2 were normal control and diabetic control group. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were received okra mucilage extract and okra seed crude extract at a dosage of 150 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 200 ml/kg. After 4 weeks animals were sacrificed and blood was collected through cardiac puncture and liver and kidney were dissected for further biochemical as well as histopathological examinations. Result: The FBG, %HbA1c, lipid profile, liver function test, oxidative stress, and histopathology investigation were analyzed. Our result showed a significant difference between different groups in each parameter. Our study revealed that okra mucilage extract has advantage over okra seed crude extract significantly. Conclusion: The extract of AS has an antidiabetic activity and contributes to the overall reduction in BG levels. Its properties can be a remedy to manage DtM. Based on the results of the tests, it was determined that a solid oral formulation might be made using okra-derived mucilage crude extract and aqueous seed extract as a pharmaceutical excipient. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.