Dietary Patterns Characterized by Fat Type in Association with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study of UK Biobank Participants

被引:28
作者
Brayner, Barbara [1 ]
Kaur, Gunveen [1 ]
Keske, Michelle A. [1 ]
Perez-Cornago, Aurora [2 ]
Piernas, Carmen [3 ]
Livingstone, Katherine M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Deakin Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, Inst Phys Act & Nutr, Geelong, Vic, Australia
[2] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England
[3] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Primary Care Hlth Sci, Med Sci Div, Oxford, England
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
dietary patterns; reduced rank regression; obesity; type; 2; diabetes; longitudinal; dietary fat; saturated fat; monounsaturated fat; polyunsaturated fat; REDUCED RANK REGRESSION; ACID-COMPOSITION; OXFORD WEBQ; RISK; CONSUMPTION; NUTRITION; MELLITUS; EVENTS; WEIGHT; NUMBER;
D O I
10.1093/jn/nxab275
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background: The fat type consumed is considered a risk factor for developing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, these associations have not been investigated using a dietary patterns approach, which can capture combinations of foods and fat type consumed. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate associations between dietary patterns with varying proportions of SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs and obesity, abdominal obesity, and self-reported T2D incidence. Methods: This study included UK Biobank participants with 2 or more 24-h dietary assessments, free from the outcome of interest at recruitment, and with outcome data at follow-up (n = 16,523; mean follow-up: 6.3 y). Reduced rank regression was used to derive dietary patterns with SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (% of energy intake) as response variables. Logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, was used to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and obesity [BMI (kg/m(2)) >= 30], abdominal obesity (waist circumference; men: >= 102 cm; women: >= 88 cm) and T2D incidence. Results: Two dietary patterns, DP1 and DP2, were identified: DP1 positively correlated with SFAs (r = 0.48), MUFAs (r = 0.67), and PUFAs (r = 0.56), characterized by higher intake of nuts, seeds, and butter and lower intake of fruit and low-fat yogurt; DP2 positively correlated with SFAs (r = 0.76) and negatively with PUFAs (r = -0.64) and MUFAs (r = -0.01), characterized by higher intake of butter and high-fat cheese and lower intake of nuts and seeds. Only DP2 was associated with higher obesity and abdominal obesity incidence (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.45; and OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.38, respectively). Neither of the dietary patterns was associated with T2D incidence. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that a dietary pattern characterized by higher SFA and lower PUFA foods is associated with obesity and abdominal obesity incidence, but not T2D.
引用
收藏
页码:3570 / 3578
页数:9
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