Wearable textile bioinspired antenna for 2G, 3G, and 4G systems

Wearable antennas present flexible dielectric and microstrip antenna normally used in Wireless Body Area Network systems with medical and no-medical applications. This article presents a new wearable printed monopole antenna for second generation (2G), third generation (3G), and fourth generation (4G) systems on textile material and laminate cooper to flat cable. The bioinspired geometry of a gynkgo biloba leaf was generated by Gielis formula. The proposed antenna presents a bandwidth of 2.70 GHz, covering the ranges of 2G, 3G, and 4G systems, with an omnidirectional radiation pattern, 3.10 dBi gain, and a HPBW of 102 degrees. Measurements were performed with the antenna nearly on the head, on hand and in the pocket of trousers. The biggest difference, in the resonance frequency, was observed with the antenna on hand, and the antenna nearly on head, showed greater difference in bandwidth. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2818-2823, 2016