Prospect and Reality of Concentration Gradient Cathode of Lithium-ion Batteries

Li[NixMnyCoz]O-2 cathodes are currently the most practicable materials in the timing of developing high-performance rechargeable batteries for next-generation technologies. With the ever-growing demand for energy density, a significant breakthrough has been achieved by the controllable concentration design forming core-shell and concentration gradient structures to push Li[NixMnyCoz]O-2 toward higher energy density, longer lifetime and safety. Herein, we review the recent progress on advanced concentration gradient cathode materials. Furthermore, we prospect that this novel approach will continuously extend its advantages in developing extremely fast charging and Co-free cathode materials in the near future.