Awareness of Diabetic Eye Disease and the Source of Information in a Semi-Urban Population in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Introduction: Knowledge about population awareness of diabetes mellitus (DM) complication can be used to arrange preventive measure. This study aimed to assess the population awareness of diabetic retinopathy (RDM) as a DM complication and the source from whom/which they heard about RDM. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in 2016 in Waingapu, the capital of East Sumba in East Nusa Tenggara province. The subjects were adult outpatients of Kota Waingapu primary healthcare. One hundred and eleven consecutive patients responded to questionnaire-based interview. A "yes" answer to the question of whether DM can cause visual disturbance was defined as being aware of RDM. Descriptive analysis was done using SPSS 16.0 software. Results: Seventy-nine subjects (71.2%) were female. Most of the subjects were under 50 years old (74.8%). The majority was native of East Sumba (58.6%). Many subjects had graduated from junior high school or higher (55.9%), yet illiteracy was still high (10.8%). The predominant occupations were housewives (41.5%), fishermen, and construction workers. Thirty eight (34.2%) subjects were aware of RDM as the complication of DM. The predominant source of information was relative that suffered from DM and its complications, followed by healthcare providers, electronic media, and unaffected relative. Conclusion: Population in this study reflected lower and middle level in economy and education. Their awareness of RDM was still low. However, the finding that most of the subjects who were aware of DR got the information from their affected relatives which could be a clue for future health promotion strategy.