Cutin and suberin monomers are membrane perturbants

The interaction between cutin and suberin monomers, i.e., omega-hydroxylpalmitic acid, alpha, omega-hexadecanedioic acid, alpha, omega-hexadecanediol, 12-hydroxylstearic acid, and phospholipid vesicles biomimicking the lipid structure of plant cell membranes has been studied by optical and transmission electron microscopy, quasielastic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and P-31 solid-state NMR. Monomers were shown to penetrate model membranes until a molar ratio of 30%, modulating their gel to fluid-phase transition, after which monomer crystals also formed in solution. These monomers induced a decrease of the phospholipid vesicle size from several micrometers to about 300 nm. The biological implications of these findings are discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.