Impact of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy on Stillbirth and Other Perinatal Outcomes: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on stillbirths and other perinatal outcomes among women in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at two tertiary care hospitals, Aga Khan Hospital (AKU) and Liaquat National Hospital (LNH) in Karachi, Pakistan. The primary outcome variable of this study was stillbirth. Other outcomes assessed in this study included preterm birth, low birth weight, and early neonatal death. Results: Data of a total of 840 women were included in this study; 280 (33.33%) women had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and 560 (66.67%) were normotensive. Among women who had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of having a stillbirth was two times more than that for normotensive women (AOR=162, 95% CI=1.46-4.40), four times for low birth weight (AOR=4.23, 95% CI=2.88-6.20), five times for early neonatal death (AOR=5.03, 95% CI=2.40-10.50) and six times for pre-term birth (AOR=5.16, 95% CI=3.42-7.79). Conclusion: The current study found that incidence of stillbirth, low birth weight, pre-term birth, and neonatal mortality is higher in mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy than normotensive mothers.