Epidermal growth factor (EGF) triggers the malignancy of hemangioma cells via activation of NF-κB signals

Hemangioma (HA) is tumor formed by hyper-proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. However, the role and mechanisms of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the progression of HA are not well illustrated. Our present study revealed that EGF can significantly promote the in vitro proliferation and motility of HA cells, which was confirmed by the up regulation of Bcl-2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. The pharmacological inhibition of NF-kappa B, while not ERK1/2 or PI3K/Akt, attenuated EGF induced cell proliferation and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. EGF treatment also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and transcriptional activities of NF-kappa B in HA cells. These data suggested that NF-kappa B plays an essential role in EGF induced malignancy of HA cells. Furthermore, EGF treatment also increased the phosphorylation of I kappa B and IKK alpha, while not IKK beta or IKK gamma. The knockdown of IKKa reversed EGF induced activation of NF-kappa B. EGF treatment also decreased the phosphorylation of GSK-3 beta and increased its activities in both HDEC and CRL-2586 EOMA cells. LiCl, a potent GSK-3 beta inhibitor, can obviously reverse EGF induced up regulation of p65 phosphorylation. Collectively, our study revealed that EGF can trigger the malignancy of HA cells via induction of proliferation and invasion. The activation of NF-kappa B through IKK alpha/I kappa B alpha and GSK-3 beta signal is essential for this process. It suggested that EGF/NF-kappa B signal may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of human HA. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.