Magnetron sputtering deposition of GeSe thin films for solar cells

Germanium selenide (GeSe), a IV-VI chalcogenide containing earth-abundant and low-toxic elements, has attracted increasing interest as a potential absorber material for photovoltaics due to its excellent optical and electrical properties. In this work, a simple and effective magnetron sputtering method was proposed to deposite GeSe precursor thin films using GeSe alloy target. Subsequently, the as-deposited samples were post-annealed in vacuum atmosphere. The effects of different annealing temperatures on crystallinity, morphology and phase transformation of the as-prepared films were systematically investigated. It has been revealed that phase-pure and uniform GeSe thin films were obtained through the self-decomposition of slight GeSe2 impurity at 400 degrees C. Finally, a prototypical FTO/CdS/GeSe/C-Ag solar cell with 220 mV open circuit voltage and 0.05% power conversion efficiency was fabricated, which suggests the potential of sputtering processed GeSe thin film for low cost solar cell.