Differences in knowledge about contraception among Saudi males and females at tertiary hospitals in Riyadh

Context: Family planning is a voluntary practice that individuals engage in to control the number of children for promoting the health and development of countries. The aim is to evaluate the level of contraceptive knowledge in Saudi males and females in Riyadh at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City (KAMC) and King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital (KASCH). Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted among educated, under educated, single, married Saudi males and females (n = 385), and aged (20 to 65) years old. Healthcare providers and participants underwent permanent sterilization were excluded. Results: Approximately half of the participants were aware about contraceptive methods. More males (n = 132, 70%) were significantly aware compared to females (n = 110, 56%) (P-value <0.001). The most commonly used contraceptive methods were oral contraceptive pills, male condom, and intrauterine device (69%, 34%, 22%, respectively). A significant difference was noted for the used and preferred contraceptive method, which was condom for male and oral contraceptive pills in female (P-value < 0.001). Healthcare provider was the main source of information and women significantly consult healthcare provider more than men 47% vs 32%, (chi 2 = 9.23, P value = 0.002). Side effects were reported as a main reason for discontinuation 61% (n = 120) of females and 52% (n = 98) in males, respectively. Logistic regression indicated a significant association of contraceptive knowledge with age and parity. Conclusions: Regardless of educational level, high levels of awareness were identified in both genders. Oral contraceptive pills were reported as the most used, safest, and preferred method.