PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AND NEUROCOGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN A TRAUMATIZED COMMUNITY SAMPLE

被引:47
作者
Wingo, Aliza P. [1 ,2 ]
Fani, Negar [6 ]
Bradley, Bekh [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ressler, Kerry J. [1 ,2 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA
[2] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA
[3] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA
[4] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD USA
[5] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA
[6] Georgia State Univ, Dept Neuropsychol & Behav Neurosci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
关键词
resilience; neurocognitive performance; trauma; childhood abuse; PTSD; depression; nonverbal memory; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; CHILDHOOD TRAUMA; LIFE EVENTS; EXPOSURE; PTSD; ABUSE; RISK; POPULATION;
D O I
10.1002/da.20675
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
Background: Whether psychological resilience con-elates with neurocognitive performance is largely unknown. Therefore, we assessed association between neurocognitive performance and resilience in individuals with a history of childhood abuse or trauma exposure. Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 226 highly traumatized civilians, we assessed neurocognitive performance, history of childhood abuse and other trauma exposure, and current depressive and PTSD symptoms. Resilience was defined as having >= 1 trauma and no current depressive or PTSD symptoms; non-resilience as having >= 1 trauma and current moderate/severe depressive or PTSD symptoms. Results: The non-resilient group had a higher percentage of unemployment (P = .006) and previous suicide attempts (P < .0001) than the resilient group. Both groups had comparable education and performance on verbal reasoning, nonverbal reasoning, and verbal memory. However; the resilient group performed better on nonverbal memory (P = 016) with an effect size of .35. Additionally, more severe childhood abuse or other trauma exposure was significantly associated with non-resilience. Better nonverbal memory was significantly associated with resilience even after adjusting for severity of childhood abuse, other trauma exposure, sex, and race using multiple logistic regression (adjusted OR = 1.2; P = .017). Conclusions: We examined resilience as absence of psychopathology despite trauma exposure in a highly traumatized low socioeconomic, urban population. Resilience was significantly associated with better nonverbal memory, a measure of ability to code, store, and visually recognize concrete and abstract pictorial stimuli. Nonverbal memory may be a proxy for emotional learning which is often dysregulated in stress-related psychopathology, and may contribute to our understanding of resilience. Depression and Anxiety 27:768-774, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:768 / 774
页数:7
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