Potentials of phyto-fabricated nanoparticles as ecofriendly agents for photocatalytic degradation of toxic dyes and waste water treatment, risk assessment and probable mechanism

Nanotechnology is a promising field and has diverse applications. Primarily, nanoparticles have been synthesized via chemical and physical methods. Dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are abundantly used in industries especially in textile industry. The use of these dyes is major contributors towards environmental pollution. Their hazardous nature raises great concerns in general public. Advancement in nanotechnology can efficiently help in mitigating this problem as nanoparticles can efficiently convert these harmful dyes into less harmful chemical byproducts through a process called Photocatalysis. Although, different approaches have been used for the synthesis of nanoparticles and their Photocatalytic activity but the most efficient approach is the green synthesis using different plants. This approach is environment-friendly and cost-effective. In order to reduce the toxic effects of synthetic dyes that pollutes the environment, it is important to look for such environmental friendly approaches and highlight the role of green nanotechnology in photocatalysis. In the present review paper, we for the first time have summarized the application of biogenic nanoparticles used as Photocatalytic agent in the degradation of different dyes such MB, MO and MR. We have presented a comprehensive review of chemistry/engineering approach of the technology along with mechanistic aspects. Furthermore, key applications of nanotechnology in Photocatalysis have been discussed along with futuristic insight.