Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with optical nano-antennae

被引：64

作者：

Hu, Xiaolong ^{[1
]}

Dauler, Eric A. ^{[2
]}

Molnar, Richard J. ^{[2
]}

Berggren, Karl K. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[2] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA

来源：

OPTICS EXPRESS | 2011年 / 19卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION; ENTANGLEMENT; FIBER; SYSTEM; CAVITY; TIME;

D O I：

10.1364/OE.19.000017

中图分类号：

O43 [光学];

学科分类号：

070207 ; 0803 ;

摘要：

Optical nano-antennae have been integrated with semiconductor lasers to intensify light at the nanoscale and photodiodes to enhance photocurrent. In quantum optics, plasmonic metal structures have been used to enhance nonclassical light emission from single quantum dots. Absorption and detection of single photons from free space could also be enhanced by nanometallic antennae, but this has not previously been demonstrated. Here, we use nano-optical transmission effects in a one-dimensional gold structure, combined with optical cavity resonance, to form optical nano-antennae, which are further used to couple single photons from free space into a 80-nm-wide superconducting nanowire. This antenna-assisted coupling enables a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with 47% device efficiency at the wavelength of 1550 nm and 9-mu m-by-9-mu m active area while maintaining a reset time of only 5 ns. We demonstrate nanoscale antenna-like structures to achieve exceptional efficiency and speed in single-photon detection. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America

引用

页码：17 / 31

页数：15

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