The genetic consequences of habitat specificity for fig trees in southern African fragmented forests

被引:10
作者
Deng, Jun-Yin [1 ]
van Noort, Simon [2 ,3 ]
Compton, Stephen G. [4 ,5 ]
Chen, Yan [6 ]
Greeff, Jaco M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Pretoria, Dept Biochem Genet & Microbiol, Div Genet, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa
[2] Iziko Museums South Africa, South African Museum, Res & Exhibit Dept, POB 61, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa
[3] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, Private Bag, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa
[4] Univ Leeds, Sch Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
[5] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa
[6] Mianyang Normal Univ, Ecol Secur & Protect Key Lab Sichuan Prov, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, Peoples R China
来源
ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY | 2020年 / 102卷
基金
新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词
Population differentiation; Gene flow; Genetic diversity; Niche breath; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; POLLEN DISPERSAL; FICUS-RACEMOSA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; POLLINATED SHRUB; SEED DISPERSAL; RAIN-FOREST; FLOW; WASP; DIVERSITY;
D O I
10.1016/j.actao.2019.103506
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Theory predicts that fragmentation will lead to reduced gene flow between populations, with loss of genetic diversity and increased population differentiation. However, these predictions may not always hold true, especially for long-lived woody plants and some fig trees (Ficus species) may not be affected by fragmentation because their fig wasps can transfer pollen for distances of over 100 km. Here we contrast the extent of genetic isolation caused by fragmentation among three southern African Ficus species with different habitat dependencies and distributional ranges. Two of the species are restricted to forest environments, which have been fragmented since at least the Pleistocene, and provide an indication of the long-term genetic effects of forest fragmentation. The third species is less forest-dependent, with a more general habitat association and more continuous populations. We found significant population differentiation in all three species. Populations of F. bizanae, a forest specialist with a highly restricted distribution, displayed the most genetic structure, followed by the second forest specialist, F. craterostoma. Populations of the habitat-generalist F. sur were the least genetically structured. Forest specialist Ficus species are clearly not immune to habitat fragmentation, despite extensive pollen flow, and other southern African forest trees are likely to have experienced similar or greater effects of habitat fragmentation. The strong genetic structure of F. bizanae suggests a limited seed dispersal range and local dispersal by the fig wasp pollinator, a possible adaptation to the limited range of its host fig tree.
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页数:8
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