Distribution of bacteria isolated from the cases of maxillofacial surgery

Background: Maxillofacial infections after the surgical operation are common dental complications. It is important to know the bacterial species responsible for these kinds of infections. The present survey aimed to evaluate prevalence of bacterial pathogens a isolated from post surgical maxillofacial infections. Methods: One-hundred and eighty patients were evaluated. All patients with post maxillofacial surgeries, including deep fascial infections, dentoalveolar abscess and neck and head pus localization were included in the study. Distribution of bacterial pathogens in collected samples were studied using culture method and biochemical tests. Results: 150 out of 180 (83.33%) patients were included in the study. The mean age of the examined patients was 49.7 years. The male to female ratio was 92/85 (P <0.05). Histories of smoking and alcohol were determined in 40% and 18% of cases, respectively. S. aureus (26.66%), S. mutans (25.33%), Prevotella dentalis (13.33%), Stereptococcus viridans (13.33%), Enterobacter aerogenes (12%), and Prevotella buccalis (11.33%) had the highest distribution. Bacteroides forsythus (2%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (3.33%), Acinetobacter baummanii (4%), and Veillonella spp. (4%) had the lowest distribution. Conclusion: Aerobic bacteria had the higher distribution than anaerobics. Accurate prescription of antimicrobial drugs can diminish the risk of maxillofacial infections after surgical operation.