Comparison of food intake and energy expenditure among obese and non-obese sibling adolescents

Objective: To compare food intake and physical activity among obese and normal-weight adolescent siblings. Methods: This case-control study was performed in 2003 among 50 pairs of obese and non-obese siblings, ages 11-18. Data concerning dietary pattern were assessed by a 3-day food record form, and analyzed by a special software for Iranian foods. Physical activity and energy expenditure were measured using the WHO standard questionnaire about physical activity (IPAQ). Data were analyzed by SPSS 11 using the student t and regression tests. Results: The case group had higher mean daily energy intake as well as lower mean daily energy expenditure than controls(2833.3 +/- 714.1 and 1221.8 +/- 344.4Kcal vs. 1370.1 +/- 330.02 and 1590.5 +/- 485.3 Kcal, respectively, p < 0.0001). The intake of carbohydrate, fat, protein, cholesterol and saturated fatty acids were higher in obese than normal-weight sibling. Conclusion: It is concluded that unhealthy lifestyle habits are important factors in development of childhood obesity, even in similar sociodemographic - and nearly similar genetic background. Family-based education programs are warranted in this regard.