Adaptive data and verified message disjoint security routing for gathering big data in energy harvesting networks

To improve the data arrival ratio and the transmission delay and considering that the capacity for determining malicious nodes and energy are limited, a security disjoint routing-based verified message (SDRVM) scheme is proposed. The main contributions of SDRVM are as follows: (a) two connected dominating sets (a data CDS and a v-message CDS) are created for disseminating data and verified messages (v-messages), respectively, based on the remaining energy of nodes. (b) Nodes record the ID information in data packets with a specified probability, namely, the marking probability, which is adjusted according to the remaining energy of the nodes. (c) The duty cycle of the nodes is adjusted, and the energy of the nodes is divided into three levels. In the data CDS, the duty cycle of the sensor nodes is the longest and the duty cycle of the nodes that do not belong to either of the CDSs is the shortest. (d) If the energy of the sensor nodes is sufficient, data packets are transmitted several times and the v-messages that are stored in the nodes are transmitted to the destination nodes. The proposed scheme has been evaluated using different parameters where the results obtained prove its effectiveness in comparison to the existing solutions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.