A new model system designed to test the relationship between morphology and proton conductivity using surface-charged latex nanoparticles as building blocks for proton conductive membranes was investigated. A proton conductive membrane of controlled micro/nanoscale structure was formed. The ion-conducting membranes formed through the assembly of surface-charged latex spheres into closely packed structures show conductivity orders of magnitude higher than that of amorphous membranes possessing the same charge content. It was observed that continuous charged hydrophilic channels form naturally during self-assembly of the particles.