Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a serious complication of peritoneal. dialysis (PD) characterized by thickened peritoneal. membranes, which lead to decreased ultra-filtration and intestinal obstruction. Its early clinical features are nonspecific, and it is often diagnosed late following laparotomy and peritoneal. biopsy, when the patient develops small bowel obstruction, which can be a life-threatening complication. However, this is changing with increasing awareness of computed tomography (CT) findings in SEP. CT can yield an early, non-invasive diagnosis that may improve patient outcome. We present a review of the CT appearances of SEP. (c) 2007 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.