Synchronization and bifurcation of general complex dynamical networks

In the present paper, synchronization and bifurcation of general complex dynamical networks are investigated. We mainly focus on networks with a somewhat general coupling matrix, i.e., the sum of each row equals a nonzero constant u. We derive a result that the networks can reach a new synchronous state, which is not the asymptotic limit set determined by the node equation. At the synchronous state, the networks appear bifurcation if we regard the constant u as a bifurcation parameter. Numerical examples are given to illustrate our derived conclusions.