Exploring the quantum critical behaviour in a driven Tavis-Cummings circuit

被引：48
作者：
Feng, M. [1 ]
Zhong, Y. P. [2 ]
Liu, T. [1 ,3 ]
Yan, L. L. [1 ]
Yang, W. L. [1 ]
Twamley, J. [4 ]
Wang, H. [2 ,5 ]
机构：
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Phys & Math, State Key Lab Magnet Resonance & Atom & Mol Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China
[2] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Phys, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
[3] Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Sci, Mianyang 621010, Peoples R China
[4] Macquarie Univ, ARC Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
[5] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China
来源：
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2015年 / 6卷
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金; 澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词：
PHASE-TRANSITION; SUPERFLUID; ATOMS; GAS;
D O I：
10.1038/ncomms8111
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
Quantum phase transitions play an important role in many-body systems and have been a research focus in conventional condensed-matter physics over the past few decades. Artificial atoms, such as superconducting qubits that can be individually manipulated, provide a new paradigm of realising and exploring quantum phase transitions by engineering an on-chip quantum simulator. Here we demonstrate experimentally the quantum critical behaviour in a highly controllable superconducting circuit, consisting of four qubits coupled to a common resonator mode. By off-resonantly driving the system to renormalize the critical spin-field coupling strength, we have observed a four-qubit nonequilibrium quantum phase transition in a dynamical manner; that is, we sweep the critical coupling strength over time and monitor the four-qubit scaled moments for a signature of a structural change of the system's eigenstates. Our observation of the nonequilibrium quantum phase transition, which is in good agreement with the driven Tavis-Cummings theory under decoherence, offers new experimental approaches towards exploring quantum phase transition-related science, such as scaling behaviours, parity breaking and long-range quantum correlations.
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页数：7
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