Serum S100A12 and 30-day mortality after acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Background: S100A12 is implicated in inflammatory reactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between serum S100A12 concentrations and 30-day mortality in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: We prospectively included 182 healthy controls and 182 ICH patients within 24 h after stroke onset. Serum samples were collected for the measurement of S100A12 concentrations. Multivariable analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between serum S100A12 concentrations and mortality of ICH patients within 30 days. Results: Serum S100A12 concentrations were significantly increased compared to control subjects. S100A12 concentrations were positively correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, ICH volume, blood glucose concentrations, blood white blood cell count and plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. 36 (19.8%) patients were deceased within 30days after stroke onset. Non-survivors had significantly higher concentrations of serum S100A12 than survivors. Additionally, Serum S100A12 concentrations significantly discriminated patients at risk of 30-day mortality and its predictive value was equivalent to those of NIHSS score and hematoma volume. Moreover, higher serum S100A12 concentrations showed a significantly higher risk for 30-day mortality and overall survival. Conclusions: Higher S100A12 concentrations are positively associated with inflammation, hemorrhagic severity and short-term mortality among ICH patients, indicating S100A12 may represent a biomarker for predicting poor outcome after hemorrhagic stroke.