The Expression and Significance of Matrix Metalloproteinase, Wnt5a and β-Catenin in Placental Tissue of Preeclampsia

In order to investigate the expression and clinical significance of MMPs (Matrix Metalloproteinase) (MPP-2 and MPP-9), Wnt5a as well as beta-catenin in placental tissues of preeclampsia (PE) patients, 36 PE patients (PE group) and 25 pregnant women (control group) with normal pregnancy were selected for cesarean delivery. The expression and localization of MPP-2, MPP-9, Wnt5a as well as beta-catenin proteins in placental tissue were detected by Western blot method and immunohistochemistry method. The correlation between the poor prognosis of mother and child and the expression level of MMPs, Wnt5a as well as beta-catenin is analyzed. The results showed that Western blot results showed that MPP-2, MPP-9, Wnt5a as well as beta-catenin proteins were expressed in placental tissue, and the expression level of them of placental tissue in PE group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that MMPs, Wnt5a, as well as beta-catenin proteins were expressed in the cytotrophoblast cell (CTB) and syncytiotrophoblast cell (STB) of placental tissue, among which Wnt5a proteins as well as beta-catenin proteins were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of STB and CTB respectively. MMPs proteins were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of these two types of cells. Low expression of MPPs, Wnt5a, beta-catenin proteins may be related to blood pressure as well as 24 h urine protein of pregnant women at admission. In conclusion, Low expression of MPPs, Wnt5a, beta-catenin proteins may be involved in the PE pathogenesis.