Dietary flexibility aids Asian earthworm invasion in North American forests

被引:79
作者
Zhang, Weixin [1 ,2 ]
Hendrix, Paul F. [3 ]
Snyder, Bruce A. [3 ]
Molina, Marirosa [4 ]
Li, Jianxiong [5 ]
Rao, Xingquan [1 ]
Siemann, Evan [6 ]
Fu, Shenglei [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Inst Ecol, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[4] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA
[5] Guangdong Acad Sci, Guangdong Entomol Inst, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[6] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Amynthas agrestis; earthworm invasion; feeding effect; food web; Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Tennessee; USA; habitat invasibility; Lumbricus rubellus; phospholipid fatty acid; soil microbe; species invasiveness; stable isotopes; third habitat" approach; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; ORGANIC-MATTER; ARGENTINE ANTS; FOOD-WEB; SOIL; TEMPERATE; ECOLOGY; N-15; C-13; CONSEQUENCES;
D O I
10.1890/09-0979.1
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
On a local scale, invasiveness of introduced species and invasibility of habitats together determine invasion success. A key issue in invasion ecology has been how to quantify the contribution of species invasiveness and habitat invasibility separately. Conventional approaches, such as comparing the differences in traits and/or impacts of species between native and/or invaded ranges, do not determine the extent to which the performance of invaders is due to either the effects of species traits or habitat characteristics. Here we explore the interaction between two of the most widespread earthworm invaders in the world (Asian Amynthas agrestis and European Lumbricus rubellus) and study the effects of species invasiveness and habitat invasibility separately through an alternative approach of "third habitat" in Tennessee, USA. We propose that feeding behaviors of earthworms will be critical to invasion success because trophic ecology of invasive animals plays a key role in the invasion process. We found that (1) the biomass and isotopic abundances (delta C-13 and delta N-15) of A. agrestis were not impacted by either direct effects of L. rubellus competition or indirect effects of L. rubellus-preconditioned habitat; (2) A. agrestis disrupted the relationship between L. rubellus and soil microorganisms and consequently hindered litter consumption by L. rubellus; and (3) compared to L. rubellus, A. agrestis shifted its diet more readily to consume more litter, more soil gram-positive (G+) bacteria (which may be important for litter digestion), and more non-microbial soil fauna when soil microorganisms were depleted. In conclusion, A. agrestis showed strong invasiveness through its dietary flexibility through diet shifting and superior feeding behavior and its indirectly negative effect of habitat invasibility on L. rubellus via changes in the soil microorganism community. In such context, our results expand on the resource fluctuation hypothesis and support the superior competitor hypothesis. This work presents additional approaches in invasion ecology, provides some new dimensions for further research, and contributes to a greater understanding of the importance of interactions between multiple invading species.
引用
收藏
页码:2070 / 2079
页数:10
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