Wideband printed monopole design using a genetic algorithm

A method for the design and optimization of wideband printed planar monopoles using a genetic algorithm (GA) is presented. This novel technique employs overlapping subpatches which ensures electrical contact in such constellations where two subpatches are touching only at the corner, hence, reducing losses. The method was used to design a wideband monopole antenna with application in higher cellular, WLAN, and UWB. Furthermore, the technique is modified for multigoal optimization to achieve multiple bands and reduce the lower edge frequency. The best solutions were prototyped and a full experimental evaluation was made.