Oral Manifestations in HIV-Positive Children: A Systematic Review

被引:58
作者
Lauritano, Dorina [1 ]
Moreo, Giulia [1 ]
Oberti, Luca [1 ]
Lucchese, Alberta [2 ]
Di Stasio, Dario [2 ]
Conese, Massimo [3 ]
Carinci, Francesco [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Milano Bicocca, Ctr Neurosci Milan, Dept Med & Surg, I-20126 Milan, Italy
[2] Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Multidisciplinary Dept Med & Dent Specialties, I-80138 Naples, Italy
[3] Univ Foggia, Dept Med & Surg Sci, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
[4] Univ Ferrara, Dept Morphol Surg & Expt Med, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
来源
PATHOGENS | 2020年 / 9卷 / 02期
关键词
HIV; AIDS; oral diseases; children; highly active antiretroviral therapy; VIRUS-INFECTED CHILDREN; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; LESIONS; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; INEQUALITIES; IMPACT; HAART;
D O I
10.3390/pathogens9020088
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Background: The number of pediatric patients affected by HIV still remains high, mainly in developing countries, where the main cause of infection is vertical transmission from the mother. Even today, a large number of these children do not have access to treatment, and, without proper care, they die in the first few years of life. Objective: The aim of our review was to assess the prevalence of oral hard and soft tissue lesions in HIV-positive pediatric patients by identifying the most common manifestations and the overall impact that they may have on the children's quality of life. Study design: A systematic review of the articles in the English language in PubMed and Scopus was conducted in March 2019 in order to identify the main epidemiological and cross-sectional studies on the topic. Results: Oral diseases are still one of the most common manifestations in HIV-positive pediatric patients, and they often represent the first form in which immunosuppression shows itself. An analysis of the literature shows that candidiasis is the most common oral lesion found in HIV-positive children. A significant incidence of gingivitis and gingival disease is also evident, though not strictly correlated to HIV infection. However, thanks to the introduction of new antiretroviral therapies, the incidence of HIV-related oral lesions is decreasing. Conclusions: An HIV-positive children care program should also include dental protocols, as oral disease negatively influences the quality of life, affecting both functional and social aspects.
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页数:15
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