Modification to Lees-Edwards periodic boundary condition for dissipative particle dynamics simulation with high dissipation rates

The Lees-Edwards periodic boundary condition has been a workhorse for simulating shear flows in molecular dynamics ( MD). It has also been used in dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to calculate the rheology of complex suspensions. However, owing to the dependence of inter-particle forces on the relative velocity of the particles in DPD, this boundary condition can give rise to serious errors if the velocity dependence is not properly accounted for in its implementation. This is particularly true for higher dissipation rates. This report will explore this issue and propose a simple remedy.