Switching Lifestyles Is an in vivo Adaptive Strategy of Bacterial Pathogens

被引:25
作者
Desai, Stuti K. [1 ]
Kenney, Linda J. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Natl Univ Singapore, Mechanobiol Inst, Singapore, Singapore
[2] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
来源
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY | 2019年 / 9卷
关键词
acid stress; lifestyles; biofilms; SsrB; CsgD; Spo0A; chronic infections; virulence; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; III SECRETION SYSTEM; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; BIOFILM FORMATION; VIRULENCE GENE; SURFACE PROTEIN; REGULATOR PRFA; SALMONELLA; EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.3389/fcimb.2019.00421
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens exist as planktonic cells only at limited times during their life cycle. In response to environmental signals such as temperature, pH, osmolality, and nutrient availability, pathogenic bacteria can adopt varied cellular fates, which involves the activation of virulence gene programs and/or the induction of a sessile lifestyle to form multicellular surface-attached communities. In Salmonella, SsrB is the response regulator which governs the lifestyle switch from an intracellular virulent state to form dormant biofilms in chronically infected hosts. Using the Salmonella lifestyle switch as a paradigm, we herein compare how other pathogens alter their lifestyles to enable survival, colonization and persistence in response to different environmental cues. It is evident that lifestyle switching often involves transcriptional regulators and their modification as highlighted here. Phenotypic heterogeneity resulting from stochastic cellular processes can also drive lifestyle variation among members of a population, although this subject is not considered in the present review.
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页数:9
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