DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTI-STAGE BIOMASS GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY TO PRODUCE QUALITY GAS

One-step processes of fuel gasification were developed and widely studied during the 20th century. They remain the main ones when creating and designing modern gas-generating equipment. Many studies have shown that one-stage gasification processes have already reached the limit of improvement, beyond which a significant improvement in their performance is impossible and unprofitable. The technology of stepped gasification most fully meets modern technical requirements. At the first stage of the process, allothermic pyrolysis of biomass is organized using the heat of the generator gas and the exhaust of the power plant. At this stage, volatile products are released from the fuel. In the second stage, outside the fuel layer, decomposition of the resin occurs under the action of heated air and steam, the resulting vapor-gas mixture subsequently reacts with charcoal in the third stage of the process. A new concept of a step-by-step gasifier proposes, in addition to the use of a screw pyrolyzer, spouted fluidized bed reactor, the lower part of which is combined with a convector of pyrolysis gas. In addition, the paper gives a technical and economic assessment of a mini-CHP plant with gasification of wood biomass in the proposed multi-stage reactor.