Local energy losses occur when there is a transition in open channel flow. Even though local losses in subcritical open channel flow due to changes in channel width have been studied, to date no studies have been reported for losses due to changes in bed elevations. Steps are commonly used in engineering applications to stabilise the flow in open channels. Hence, it is important to estimate local losses for design purposes. The aim of this study was to formulate the local energy losses at positive and negative steps in subcritical open channel flows. Flow rates and water depths before and after the step were measured for varying step heights of abrupt and 45 degrees inclined steps. Empirical equations relating the local losses to the Froude number on the step and the relative step height are proposed for positive and negative steps. In addition, practical values of local loss coefficients are determined.
机构:
Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
Univ Beira Interior, Ctr Mat & Bldg Technol CMADE UBI, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Rua Marques Avila E Bolama, P-6201001 Covilha, PortugalHohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
Rahimi, Hamidreza
Fael, Cristina Maria Sena
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Univ Beira Interior, Ctr Mat & Bldg Technol CMADE UBI, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Rua Marques Avila E Bolama, P-6201001 Covilha, PortugalHohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
Fael, Cristina Maria Sena
Taborda, Catia Sofia Batista
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Univ Beira Interior, Ctr Mat & Bldg Technol CMADE UBI, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Rua Marques Avila E Bolama, P-6201001 Covilha, PortugalHohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
Taborda, Catia Sofia Batista
Yuan, Saiyu
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Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R ChinaHohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
Yuan, Saiyu
Tang, Xiaonan
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Xian Jiaotong Liverpool Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R ChinaHohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul Eng, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China