Urologic Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Kidney Transplant Patients

Urologic causes of end-stage renal disease are estimated between 25% and 40% of causes. The goal of renal transplant in patients with chronic kidney disease is to provide renal replacement therapy with less morbidity, better quality of life, and improved overall survival compared with dialysis. A patient's urologic history can be a significant source of problems related to infections, recurrence of disease, and surgical complications. Many of the urologic risks are modifiable. Proper evaluation and management can mitigate the potential problems after transplant, and these patients with complex urologic problems are seen to have similar graft function outcomes.