Preparation and electrochemical performance of binder-free sodium vanadium bronze thin film electrodes based on a low temperature liquid phase deposition method

The NaV6O15 films with interesting morphologies have been prepared by a new, facial and low-cost low temperature liquid phase deposition and combined with an annealing process. The obtained films on ITO substrates have been directly used as electrodes without adding any other conductive agent or binder. The influences of the calcination temperature on the composition, morphology and electrochemical property of the products were investigated in detail. With the increase of annealing temperature, the single crystal sodium vanadate nanorods gradually formed. As a cathode, sodium vanadate nanorods annealed at 500 degrees C exhibit better structural stability and electrochemical performance than those annealed at 300 degrees C and 400 degrees C. The results have confirmed that the annealing treatment has a great influence on the composition, morphology, and electrochemical properties of sodium vanadate films, which might provide more insights about the effect of the structure on the electrochemical properties of sodium vanadate films.