Intravitreal macrophage activation enables cat retinal ganglion cells to regenerate injured axons into the mature optic nerve

被引:30
作者
Okada, T
Ichikawa, M
Tokita, Y
Horie, H
Saito, K
Yoshida, J
Watanabe, M [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Dev Res, Dept Perinatol, Kasugai, Aichi 4800392, Japan
[2] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
[3] Waseda Univ, Adv Res Ctr Biol Sci, Tokyo 2020021, Japan
[4] Waseda Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 2020021, Japan
关键词
axonal regeneration; optic nerve; macrophage activation; oxidized galectin-1; adult cat;
D O I
10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.07.015
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
In mature mammals, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are generally unable to regenerate injured axons into the optic nerve. Here, we report that an intravitreal injection of either of two macrophage activators, oxidized galectin-1 or zymosan, strongly enhanced the regeneration of transected RGC axons beyond an optic nerve crush site in adult cats. Using WGA-HRP as an anterograde tracer, we found that injection of either macrophage activator caused many axons to grow into the distal optic nerve when evaluated 14 days later, with the strongest effects seen after injecting 100 ng of galectin-1. Elongation continued for at least another 2 weeks. Control eyes injected with saline contained very few labeled axons extending across the crush site. Elevation of intracellular cAMP levels using forskolin also enhanced regeneration beyond the crush site to some extent, but this treatment did not augment the effect of galectin-1 any further. These results indicate that RGCs of adult cats are capable of reverting to an active growth state and at least partially overcoming an inhibitory CNS environment as a result of intravitreal macrophage activation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:153 / 163
页数:11
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