The Effects of Obesity on Anti-Cancer Immunity and Cancer Immunotherapy

被引：81
作者：
Woodall, Matthew J. [1 ]
Neumann, Silke [1 ]
Campbell, Katrin [1 ]
Pattison, Sharon T. [2 ]
Young, Sarah L. [1 ,3 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Otago, Dunedin Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
[2] Univ Otago, Dunedin Sch Med, Dept Med, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
[3] Univ Sydney, Fac Med & Hlth, Sch Med Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
来源：
CANCERS | 2020年 / 12卷 / 05期
关键词：
obesity; metabolic syndrome; cancer; immunotherapy; checkpoint therapy; inflammation; T-cell exhaustion; BODY-MASS INDEX; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN 4; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; COMBINED NIVOLUMAB; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CELL-ACTIVATION; LEPTIN; IMPACT; MECHANISMS; CHEMOTHERAPY;
D O I：
10.3390/cancers12051230
中图分类号：
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号：
100214 ;
摘要：
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional treatments include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and more recently targeted therapies including immunotherapy are becoming routine care for some cancers. Immunotherapy aims to upregulate the patient's own immune system, enabling it to destroy cancerous cells. Obesity is a metabolic disorder characterized by significant weight that is an important contributor to many different diseases, including cancers. Obesity impacts the immune system and causes, among other things, a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. This is hypothesized to impact the efficacy of the immunotherapies. This review discusses the effects of obesity on the immune system and cancer immunotherapy, including the current evidence on the effect of obesity on immune checkpoint blockade, something which currently published reviews on this topic have not delved into. Data from several studies show that even though obesity causes a state of chronic low-grade inflammation with reductions in effector immune populations, it has a beneficial effect on patient survival following anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 treatment. However, research in this field is just emerging and further work is needed to expand our understanding of which cancer patients are likely to benefit from immunotherapy.
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页数：14
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