Can War Foster Cooperation?

被引:412
作者
Bauer, Michal [1 ,2 ]
Blattman, Christopher [3 ,4 ]
Chytilova, Julie [5 ,6 ]
Henrich, Joseph [7 ,8 ]
Miguel, Edward [4 ,9 ]
Mitts, Tamar [10 ]
机构
[1] CERGE EI, Prague, Czech Republic
[2] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
[3] Columbia Univ, Int Affairs & Polit Sci, New York, NY USA
[4] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[5] Charles Univ Prague, Econ, Prague, Czech Republic
[6] CERGE EI, Prague, Czech Republic
[7] Harvard Univ, Human Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[8] Canadian Inst Adv Res CIFAR, Toronto, ON, Canada
[9] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Econ, Environm & Resource Econ, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[10] Columbia Univ, Polit Sci, New York, NY USA
关键词
CIVIL-WAR; POLITICAL-PARTICIPATION; SIERRA-LEONE; VIOLENCE; CONFLICT; UGANDA; INSTITUTIONS; EVOLUTION; TRUST; ALTRUISM;
D O I
10.1257/jep.30.3.249
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
In the past decade, nearly 20 studies have found a strong, persistent pattern in surveys and behavioral experiments from over 40 countries: individual exposure to war violence tends to increase social cooperation at the local level, including community participation and prosocial behavior. Thus while war has many negative legacies for individuals and societies, it appears to leave a positive legacy in terms of local cooperation and civic engagement. We discuss, synthesize, and reanalyze the emerging body of evidence and weigh alternative explanations. There is some indication that war violence enhances in-group or "parochial" norms and preferences especially, a finding that, if true, suggests that the rising social cohesion we document need not promote broader peace.
引用
收藏
页码:249 / 274
页数:26
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