Longitudinal changes in cocaine intake and cognition are linked to cortical thickness adaptations in cocaine users Longitudinal changes in cocaine intake and cognition are linked to cortical thickness adaptations in cocaine users

被引：40

作者：

Hirsiger, Sarah ^{[1
]}

Hanggi, Jurgen ^{[2
]}

Germann, Jurgen ^{[3
]}

Vonmoos, Matthias ^{[1
]}

Preller, Katrin H. ^{[1
]}

Engeli, Etna J. E. ^{[4
,5
]}

Kirschner, Matthias ^{[4
]}

Reinhard, Caroline ^{[1
]}

Hulka, Lea M. ^{[1
]}

Baumgartner, Markus R. ^{[6
]}

Chakravarty, Mallar M. ^{[3
,7
,8
]}

Seifritz, Erich ^{[9
,10
,11
]}

Herdener, Marcus ^{[4
]}

Quednow, Boris B. ^{[1
,10
,11
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Zurich, Expt & Clin Pharmacopsychol, Dept Psychiat Psychotherapy & Psychosomat, Hosp Psychiat, Lenggstr 31, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland

[2] Univ Zurich, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Psychol, Zurich, Switzerland

[3] McGill Univ, Cerebral Imaging Ctr, Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[4] Univ Zurich, Ctr Addict Disorders, Dept Psychiat Psychotherapy & Psychosomat, Hosp Psychiat, Zurich, Switzerland

[5] Univ Zurich, Zurich Ctr Integrat Human Physiol, Zurich, Switzerland

[6] Univ Zurich, Inst Forens Med, Ctr Forens Hairanalyt, Zurich, Switzerland

[7] McGill Univ, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[8] McGill Univ, Dept Biomed & Biol Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[9] Univ Zurich, Dept Psychiat Psychotherapy & Psychosomat, Hosp Psychiat, Zurich, Switzerland

[10] Univ Zurich, Neurosci Ctr Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

[11] Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

来源：

NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL | 2019年 / 21卷

基金：

瑞士国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Cognition; Endophenotype; Cocaine-related disorders; Prefrontal cortex; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; GRAY-MATTER VOLUME; SURFACE-BASED ANALYSIS; TRAIT IMPULSIVITY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; BRAIN STRUCTURE; DEPENDENCE; AREA; ATTENTION; SEGMENTATION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101652

中图分类号：

R445 [影像诊断学];

学科分类号：

100207 ;

摘要：

Background: Cocaine use has been consistently associated with decreased gray matter volumes in the prefrontal cortex. However, it is unclear if such neuroanatomical abnormalities depict either pre-existing vulnerability markers or drug-induced consequences. Thus, this longitudinal MRI study investigated neuroplasticity and cognitive changes in relation to altered cocaine intake. Methods: Surface-based morphometry, cocaine hair concentration, and cognitive performance were measured in 29 cocaine users (CU) and 38 matched controls at baseline and follow-up. Based on changes in hair cocaine concentration, CU were classified either as Decreasers (n = 15) or Sustained Users (n = 14). Surface-based morphometry measures did not include regional tissue volumes. Results: At baseline, CU displayed reduced cortical thickness (CT) in lateral frontal regions, and smaller cortical surface area (CSA) in the anterior cingulate cortex, compared to controls. In Decreasers, CT of the lateral frontal cortex increased whereas CT within the same regions tended to further decrease in Sustained Users. In contrast, no changes were found for CSA and subcortical structures. Changes in CT were linked to cognitive performance changes and amount of cocaine consumed over the study period. Conclusions: These results suggest that frontal abnormalities in CU are partially drug-induced and can recover with decreased substance use. Moreover, recovery of frontal CT is accompanied by improved cognitive performance confirming that cognitive decline associated with cocaine use is potentially reversible.

引用

页数：12

共 80 条

[51] Increased Sensorimotor Gating in Recreational and Dependent Cocaine Users Is Modulated by Craving and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms [J].