Novel, highly specific, and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays using 2 targets, insertion sequence (IS481) and pertussis toxin subunit 1 (ptxS1), were developed to detect Bordetella pertussis and to differentiate between relevant Bordetella spp. Sixty-four non-Bordetella isolates were negative by both assays, demonstrating the specificity of the assays. B. pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, and Bordetella holmesii isolates were specifically identified using the assays. The lower limit of detection was less than 10 genomic equivalents per reaction for the IS481 and ptxS1 assays. These assays were evaluated using 145 human clinical specimens obtained during cough-illness outbreak investigations, and PCR results were compared with Bordetella spp. culture results. Twenty-seven (18.6%) specimens had late positive cycle threshold (Ct) values (35 <= Ct<40) using the IS481 assay with corresponding negative results using the ptxS1 assay and culture and were considered indeterminate. Guidelines for use of PCR testing and interpretation of results during cough-illness outbreaks are discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Cavender, Wade
Swan, Christine
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Swan, Christine
Wolf, Skylar
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Wolf, Skylar
Van Vliet, Danielle
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Van Vliet, Danielle
Johnson, Alison Aceves
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Johnson, Alison Aceves
Forest, Anna
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Forest, Anna
Shields, Robert
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Aquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Shields, Robert
Loch, Thomas
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Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI USA
Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Loch, Thomas
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Knupp, Christopher
Drennan, John
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Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Aquat Anim Hlth Lab, Brush, CO USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Drennan, John
Glenney, Gavin
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US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lamar Fish Hlth Ctr, Lamar, PA USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Glenney, Gavin
Hallett, Sascha L.
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Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Hallett, Sascha L.
Marcino, Joe
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Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Fish Hlth Lab, Phoenix, AZ USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
Marcino, Joe
Reed, Aimee
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Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Fish Hlth Serv, Corvallis, OR USAAquat Anim Hlth & Res Ctr, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA
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Guru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, IndiaGuru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
Singh, R.
Rai, T. S.
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Guru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, IndiaGuru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
Rai, T. S.
Sharma, N. S.
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Guru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, IndiaGuru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
Sharma, N. S.
Arora, A. K.
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Guru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, IndiaGuru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India
Arora, A. K.
Kaur, Paviter
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Guru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, IndiaGuru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Sci, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India