A Novel Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme for V2G Networks

As we acknowledge that vehicle-to-grid (V2G) network holds obvious predominance in economic benefits, it attracts wide attentions of power system and electric vehicle (EV) users. However, lots of security issues hinder its further development. For example, many existing V2G schemes use the bilinear pairing to implement authentication protocol, resulting in high computational costs. In addition, the system master key in the existing V2G scheme is generated independently by a trusted third party, so the system master key is vulnerable to leakage if the third party is compromised by the adversary. In this article, we propose a novel privacy-preserving authentication scheme for V2G networks. Specifically, this scheme employs the nonsupersingular elliptic curve to construct a lightweight authentication protocol for EV and smart grid. Meanwhile, system master key in the proposed scheme is generated by the key agreement protocol, i.e., a protocol that is constructed using a secure two-party computation between the third party authority and the dispatching center. Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme is provably secure under the random oracle model. Compared with related schemes, the proposed scheme can not only improve the authentication efficiency of V2G networks, but also prevent internal attacker. Experimental results indicate that our scheme is of practical significance for V2G networks.