[1] Akashi Med Ctr, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan
[2] Kindai Univ, Osaka, Japan
[3] Yamato Seiwa Hosp, Yamato, Kanagawa, Japan
[4] Nagasaki Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Nagasaki, Japan
[5] Hyogo Coll Med, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
[6] New Heart Watanabe Int Inst, Tokyo, Japan
[7] Ctr Wolf Ohtsuka Totally Endoscop Procedure, Tokyo, Japan
[8] Kyushu Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Fukuoka, Japan
[9] Kitasato Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
[10] Yamagata Univ, Dept Surg 2, Fac Med, Yamagata, Japan