[1] Fooyin Univ, Dept Nursing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
[2] Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[3] Chung Hwa Univ Med Technol, Dept Nursing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
[4] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Nursing, Tainan 701, Taiwan
[5] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Inst Allied Hlth Sci, Tainan 701, Taiwan