In order to investigate the influence of the age and specimen size on compressive strength and size effect of concrete, a total of 4 concrete mixes are prepared with the same design strength (C30) and mixture ratio but different specimen sizes. In particular, concrete cubes with 70mm, 100mm, 150mm and 200mm side lengths are respectively cast, each of which is tested in the age of 3 day, 7 day, 14 day and 28 day. Results reveal that: 1) the specimens with 70mm and 100mm sizes is incompatible with size effect, 2) the strength of the 70mm specimen is far smaller than its theoretical strength, 3) other specimens with 150mm and 200mm edge lengths meet the size effect, especially in their early age stage.