Rabi-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates: Classification of the ground states, defects, and energy estimates

We classify the ground states and topological defects of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates under the effect of internal coherent Rabi coupling. We present numerical phase diagrams which show the boundaries between symmetry-breaking components and various vortex patterns (triangular, square, bound state between vortices). We estimate the Rabi energy in the Thomas-Fermi limit which allows us to have an analytical description of the point energy leading to the formation of the various vortex patterns.