Metabolic and Signaling Aspects Underpinning the Regulation of Plant Carbon Nitrogen Interactions

被引:616
作者
Nunes-Nesi, Adriano [1 ]
Fernie, Alisdair R. [1 ]
Stitt, Mark [1 ]
机构
[1] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
关键词
Primary metabolism; CN balance; signaling; NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE; ADP-GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE; NITRATE REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY; TRICARBOXYLIC-ACID CYCLE; POSTTRANSLATIONAL REDOX-MODIFICATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER FLAVOPROTEIN; BARLEY LEAF PROTOPLASTS; STARCH SYNTHESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; AMINO-ACIDS;
D O I
10.1093/mp/ssq049
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
In addition to light and water, CO2 and mineral elements are required for plant growth and development. Among these factors, nitrogen is critical, since it is needed to synthesize amino acids, which are the building elements of protein, nucleotides, chlorophyll, and numerous other metabolites and cellular components. Therefore, nitrogen is required by plants in higher quantities and this investment in nitrogen supports the use of CO2, water, and inorganic nitrogen to produce sugars, organic acids, and amino acids, the basic building blocks of biomass accumulation. This system is maintained by complex metabolic machinery, which is regulated at different levels according to environmental factors such as light, CO2, and nutrient availability. Plants integrate these signals via a signaling network, which involves metabolites as well as nutrient-sensing proteins. Due to its importance, much research effort has been expended to understand how carbon and nitrogen metabolism are integrated and regulated according to the rates of photosynthesis, photorespiration, and respiration. Thus, in this article, we both discuss recent advances in carbon/nitrogen metabolisms as well as sensing and signaling systems in illuminated leaves of C3-plants and provide a perspective of the type of experiments that are now required in order to take our understanding to a higher level.
引用
收藏
页码:973 / 996
页数:24
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